Application of membrane technology in fermentation industry

October 12, 2020

Membrane separation technology refers to the technology of mechanical separation when the mixture of different particle sizes passes through the semi permeable membrane at the molecular level. A new separation technology appeared in the early 20th century and rose rapidly after the 1960s. Membrane separation technology not only has the functions of separation, concentration, purification and refining, but also has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy saving, environmental protection, molecular level filtration and simple and easy to control filtration process. At present, it has been widely used in the fields of medicine, biology, environmental protection, chemical industry, metallurgy, energy, petroleum, water treatment, electronics, bionics, food and beverage industries, and has become the separation science today It is one of the important means in Chinese.

1. Combined membrane technology in fermentation pharmaceutical industry

1.1 ultrafiltration

When using membrane separation technology to treat biological fermentation broth, it is more and more common to realize solid-liquid separation by direct ultrafiltration. Macromolecular substances, such as mycelium, protein, virus and pyrogen, are removed by ultrafiltration. However, almost all small molecular metabolites, including target products, salts and water, pass through the ultrafiltration membrane.

1.2 nanofiltration

In the fermentation pharmaceutical production, due to the low concentration of the target product, dehydration and concentration of the product is an important extraction process. At present, multi effect evaporator is often used in production for concentration, which has large investment and high energy consumption; at the same time, due to the phase change process of evaporation, product loss and product color deepening; for some products with high residual sugar content, caramelization may also cause blockage and scaling. In the dehydration and concentration process of fermentation production, the use of primary or multistage nanofiltration and reverse osmosis technology without phase change and low energy consumption can greatly reduce the solvent and energy consumption in the follow-up process, and improve the yield and product quality, which has significant economic benefits.

2. Characteristics of fermentation broth

In the pharmaceutical industry, the production of antibiotics, vitamins and amino acids mainly uses the biological fermentation method with grain as the main raw material. The concentration of the target products in the fermentation broth is very low, which generally only accounts for the volume of the fermentation liquid 1% - 5%, and contains a lot of other impurities, such as mycelium, protein, residual soluble substrate, intermediate metabolites, substances added in the process of fermentation broth pretreatment, and some target products have poor heat resistance, pH resistance and organic solvent resistance. Therefore, in order to remove a large number of impurities from the fermentation broth and produce high-purity products in accordance with the Pharmacopoeia, extraction and refining are very important.

The appropriate membrane separation process can replace some traditional separation and concentration methods, such as vacuum rotary hub filtration, plate and frame pressure filtration, centrifugal separation, flocculation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, evaporation and so on. Membrane separation technology has become one of the important means to realize the separation of fermented pharmaceutical products.

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Author:

Mr. Zheng

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zheng@rmiplast.com

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